Several hypotheses have been proposed including gene alterations, ischemic-hypoxic damage, apoptosis and folate deficiency, but the results are uncertain. (1,2)Įvidence regarding the exact mechanism of phenyto-in-mediated limb teratogenicity is still inconclusive. This includes digital hypoplasia, Polydactyly, syndactyly, absent palmar creases, and positional limb defects like club feet. Birth defect of the appendages is a salient feature of the syndrome. Image-J.īabies, born to mothers who are administered antiepileptic medication phenytoin throughout pregnancy, are at an increased risk for developing the well-documented fetal hydantoin syndrome. Results: The difference between the mean values of the area of apical ectodermal ridges of experimental and control groups, as calculated by Image-J, was found to be statistically insignificant.Ĭonclusion: Change in the area of the apical ectodermal ridges in experimental chicks, following phenytoin exposure, was insignificant as proven on the basis of quantification by Image-J.
The area of apical ectodermal ridges of chick wing buds was calculated by employing Image-J and subjected to statistical analysis. These sections were stained with Feulgen Nuclear and Light Green. Developing embryos were extracted 96 hours (day 4) after incubation and histological sections were cut at 5 m thickness. The controls were injected with the same volume of normal saline. A single dose of 3.5 mg sodium phenytoin was injected into each egg of the experimental group. Methodology: Sixty fertilised chicken eggs of 'Egyptian fayoumi' breed were selected and separated into experimental (B) and control (A) groups, each having 30 eggs.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Regional Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan (CPSP), Islamabad, from January 2014 to January 2015. Objective: To determine the effect of sodium phenytoin on the apical ectodermal ridges (AER) of chick wing buds by using the software program Image-J.
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